I'm not really sure but I would think some of the really well known artisans & silversmiths buy rough directly from the mines. With some mines that have closed in the last few year, the prices for their rough has gone up. (ex: Sleeping Beauty Mine) I'm not sure which mines are still in production...I haven't really kept up with it. I do know that NA artists only want to use American Turquoise & try to stay away from the Chinese Turquoise. They will use other stones such as coral, spiney oyster, jet, Gilson opal, MOP for inlay work, mostly Zuni, I believe. There are wholesale brokers who deal with gemstone rough that buys can be made from. Many of these brokers will attend the Tucson Gem Show where a lot of jewelers buy rough & cut gemstones.
I've heard that these days most of the turquoise from American mines is coming in a very crumbly or almost-powdered form, so it would have to be stabilized somehow. I suppose that would happen somewhere along the road to wholesale.
Years ago I spotted my elderly mom wearing this lovely vintage NA cuff with a killer piece of turquoise. She had no idea where she got it and didn't know what a find it was. When I examined it I found the turquoise was broken into several pieces and about to fall out of the bracelet. I don't know if I should admit this in this forum or not, but I Super Glued it back together for her.
