I agree with so many others who replied to this thread. Professionals wear what makes them look like they concentrate on the work that they do. I have been around the World a few times and I can't think where red soles or a flashy logo are required (except as a proffesionals of quite a different sort ).
Could you have perhaps misinterpreted what your boss/manager advised? Could he/she just have thought you needed more 'proper' shoes or something like that? Not that I don't have sympathy with as I have had my fair share of ridiculous orders from bosses/managers and even colleugues in my lifetime who obviously had no clue what they were talking about.
Presuming you are a fulltime employee and are at work all day both ballet flats and super high heels are going to make your legs ache, rather than think brand first think work and go for non-stillitto mid-heel elegant shoe that make you look grown up. If pumps/courts are not your style (or like me never stay on your feet) find a similar style with a stap or lace-ups and wear the same colour panty hose/tights. Looking grown up and efficient is the key not as though you are going out on a date.
CLs dont need logos because their trademark is the red sole and that has become an icon of the brand. Shoe brands that have similar iconic features (one feature at a time) suitable for work:
Salvatore Ferragamo - a little bow on the front
Chanel - bow, camellia flower, quilt and/or etched toe-line (sometimes in a contrasting colour)
Gucci - little horse-bit, tassel, stirrup, D-ring or bamboo
Bottega Veneta - intrecciato (woven leather)
Prada - little triangle under the sole
Dior - carnage embroidery, ballet bow-ties
Roger Vivier - buckle, unusual sculpted heel
Etc